The ritual use of Jurema, as a sacred drink made from plants of the same name (especially Mimosa tenuiflora, otherwise known as Mimosa hostilis Benth.) by the indigenous peoples of Brazil, appeared for the first time in a document written in Recife, Pernambuco, dated 1739, which deals with its use by the Native peoples of Paraíba missions. Its appearance in the colonial Luso-Brazilian sources of the 18th century can indicate new socio-cultural dynamics on the colonial border of the Nordeste. The use of this sacred drink seems to have origins well before the colonizers, perhaps several centuries, and one can also point out its permanence today, either among the Indigenous Northerners, at the heart of their beliefs and cosmology, either in rural and urban populations, in the context of religious uses that mix Christianity and Afro-Brazilian worship. The role of Catholic missions in Portugal colonial America will be identified here as border institutions, both as a boundary between the known and unknown spaces of the colonizers and as a definition element of the territories of the Spanish and Portuguese crowns, but especially as spaces, themselves, of communication and exchange between completely different cultural and religious universes. Keywords: Jurema – Amerindians from Brazil – Indigenous History – Missions in Colonial Brazil – Plant entheogen.