This essay, through a socio-ethnographic approach, conducted a study on the ritual use of Ayahuasca (entheogenic tea), seeking to identify "senses" and meanings for their users to understand the meaning of their experiences with the use of drink. Refers to the history of the Master José Gabriel da Costa and the foundation of the “Union of the Vegetal” (UDV), and its structure and oreganization. The ritual use of Ayahuasca address the following topics: pharmacological aspects, path of legalization and the effects of tea for those who drink (burracheira, community, mirações), analyzes the principle of power of the word and spiritual improvement of the participants. In addressing the principle of symbolic efficacy, it is the healing aspect of tea and correlates it with the shamanic healing by analyzing the symbolic meaning of this project for the followers of the UDV in this case points out the ambiguities between doctrine and practice. It is observed that the Union of the Vegetal, although its genesis is the founder a man who had activities of healing, has its own way of understanding the relationship between disease categories, health and healing and not have to sessions for healing, and other religions and groups that make use of Ayahuasca, and stimulates and advises the sick to seek conventional means (scientific medicine) to treat their disorders. Does not support or encourage healing or similar practices, is concerned with the balance of the human being as a whole, believing that more important than the "healing field" is to "cure the spirit." Keywords: Union of the Vegetal, ayahuasca, healing, health, disease, spiritual evolution, expansion of consciousness, shamanism.