In this paper we will analyze in first place how neoshamanic practices arise. We will see how the academic formulation of shamanic phenomena affects the emergency of neo-shamanism, and how their historical emergence is related to the counter-cultural movements of the sixties, and later with other movements related to New Age and Posmodernity. Last we will address the phenomenon in Uruguay, giving a short description of one of the groups identified the center of alternative therapies Ayariri, related to the Amazon vegetalista tradition. Key Words: Shamanism; Neoshamanism; Uruguay; Religion; Spirituality