The term «jongleur» is currently employed in Quebequois French with reference to the shaman‐healer of the Amerindians. The authors explore the history of the peculiar conflation between a typical medieval character and the doctor of the «savages», through the texts and images that first provided its description between the XVI and XVIII Centuries. Their aim is to show how the representations of this character result from the encounter of different pre‐existing iconographic traditions and, especially, how they express the political and religious conflicts raging in Europe at the time.