Naranjo's application of psychedelics to mental therapy at this point provides a convenient pharmacological bridge for us, from the numerically small though significant non-nitrogenous substances to the infinitely more numerous and culture-historically more dramatic nitrogenous hallucinogens. Also, in contrast to the nutmeg derivatives MDA and MMDA, which do not occur naturally but are the result of in vitro amination, ibogaine and harmaline, the other two psychedelics which Naranjo found most useful, are very much in evidence in the natural world itself - as are the tryptamines, ergolines, isoquinolines, phenylethylamines, and tropanes in the major hallucinogens of the New World, or the isoxazoles of the fly-agaric mushroom, Amanita muscaria. Ibogaine is derived from an equatorial African bush, Tabernanthe Iboga , whose hallucinogenic roots are employed in the Bwiti ancestor cult, the MBieri curing cult, and other nativistic religious movements in tropical sub-saharan West Africa. Harmaline is one of the principal harmala alkaloids in Banisteriopsis caapi, the sacred vine of ecstatic Amazonian shamanism, in related species of the Malphighiaceae, and in Peganum harmala, an Old World plant known also as Syrian rue.