While Wassen and Naville have viewed snuffing as having originated in the northern Amazon Basin, proposing a north-to-south migration of the pattern, the gap of nearly two millennia between the earliest evidence of snuff usage in the area and in the south-central Andes indicates an earlier acceptance of hallucinogenic inhalants in the latter area. In addition, northern Chile and northwestern Argentina have the highest concentration of snuffing paraphernalia in pre-Columbian America. We can tentatively propose, then, that Anadenanthera-based snuff preparations could instead have diffused from south to north.