Objective. To analyze the historical aspects of the Brazilian cult to the Jurema, a religious cult in which a visionary source obtained from some species of Mimosa is used. Methodology. The archaeological documents, and the XVIII and XIX centuries written documents in which the jurema is referred to, mainly belonging to the Inquisition acts, are analyzed. Results. The first news concerning the jurema brew is dated back to 1739, registered in the Brazilian states of Pernambuco and Paraíba, and its use was already processed for that date. Conclusions. The absence of archaeological documents concerning the Jurema plant and the late date of its appearance in the written documents, suggest a recent history of the cult to the Jurema.