In this article, we have looked at the use of the psychedelic vine, Ayahuasca, in Mestizo healing ceremonies in the Peruvian city of Iquitos. As Friedberg (1965) points out, it is interesting to note the transformations that have taken place in the utilization of this substance in acculturative situations. The use of Ayahuasca in Amazonic Indian groups, with great ritual feasts or else the general restriction use of Ayahuasca to the Shaman has virtually disappeared. Yet despite the superficial admixture of modern medicine, primitive folk beliefs concerning etiology of disease and its cure show the psychedelic liana, Ayahuasca, to be an integral part of healing procedures, permitting the curer to determine the magical cause of illness and to neutralize evil magic. Cultural syndromes of illness have been delineated to focus upon the type of illness that occupies the Ayahuasquero The importance of cultural expectation as paramount in determining visual illusions was discussed. In conclusion, we can say that the powerful healing vine, Ayahuasca, is used quite differently than in Western drug-adjuncted psychotherapy where attempts to open up areas of repressed and painful memories drugs, involving long periods of treatment are involved. Most Ayahuasca healers see patients in a drug session for a relatively short period of time, ranging in treatment time from once or twice to a month or so. It is in these ritual, jungle magical healing rites that Ayahuasca receives its most varied elaboration-entering into the realm of tenuous, uneasy interpersonal relations and acting as a restorer of equilibrium in difficult situations.