This article is a contribution to reflection on the disbursements of relations between traditional knowledge, plants, substances, science and market. The motivation is to think about the transformations in relation to ayahuasca since the 1980s. Thus, it is problematic that the aspects and implications of the expansion of the use of ayahuasca, especially with focus on the field of what has been called ayahuasquis religions. It analyses the relations between the expansion of the use of ayahuasca and its contemporary implications, particularly in relation to alopathic medicine and conversion of participants of farmers' religions. This question implies that plant selection, homogenization of biopharmacological properties of the substance, a rejection which is unfolding in a controversial ethnopharmacological aspect. The use of agriculture also in a selection of the effects and experiences with the substance.