Although Virola peruviana has been described in ethnobotanical studies as being used as a hallucinogen, no proof of the presence of chemical agents explaining this activity existed previously. The present study resulted in the isolation of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine as well as the identification of N,N-dimethyltryptamine and 5-methoxytryptamine. thus confirming the hallucinogenic aspect of V. peruviana. In addition, myoinositol and the lignans lirioresinol-A dimethyl ether and lirioresinol-B dimethyl ether were isolated and identified. A mixture of n-alkanols was isolated and shown to consist of octacosanol, triacontanol, and dotriacontanol, whereas a mixture of sterols was isolated and shown to consist of beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol. Keyphrases Virola peruviana - phytochemical investigation, hallucinogenic constituents isolated and identified Hallucinogens - isolation and identification of hallucinogenic constituents of Virola peruviana Phytochemistry - isolation and identification of hallucinogenic constituents of Virola peruviana