This chapter is inspired by some of the questions raised in my doctoral dissertation in psychology about contemporary ritual experiences with the Amazonian drink, ayahuasca, in urban areas in Brazil as well as Europe, especially France. Here, our purpose is to problematize the relations between the contemporary world, the new modes of subjectigcation that these experiences induce, and the French State’s position and legislation on ayahuasca and the practices associated with its use in France, in dialog with the singular idea of “cultic deviance” that the State has invented. This chapter is inspired by some of the questions raised in the author doctoral dissertation in psychology about contemporary ritual experiences with the Amazonian drink, ayahuasca, in urban areas in Brazil as well as Europe, especially France. There are okcially three ayahuasca religions born in the Brazilian Amazon region in the twentieth century from the meeting of seringueiros with the mystic trance induced by ayahuasca: the Santo Daime, the Uniao do Vegetal, and Barquinha. The French ayahuasca religions and spiritualities evoke a shifting landscape. Their participants, on the other hand, encounter much less nexibility and dialog from the French State and its strongly akrmed position. The urban ayahuasquerosFrench, Brazilian, and European—are laying out a map of a contemporary ascetic enterprise that will bring together a broad range of techniques for reaching new understandings of self, the other, and the world.