The genus now called Banisteiopsis is one of the largest genera in the Malpighiaceae, comprisingabout 100 species. Proposals by Morton (1967) and Anderson (1967) to conserve Banisteria in the sense of later authors were rejected (McVaugh, 1968), and so it is necessary to employ the name Banisteiopsis Robinson ex Small for this genus. Some combinations have already been published in Banisteriopsis, most notably by Cuatrecasas (1958). Many other new combinations will eventually become necessary, but we reject the expedient of a whole sale transfer of names, some of which may not deserve recognition as species. The junior author is now studying the large, natural section of the genus that contains the pink- and white-flowered species and is centered in the Planalto of south-central Brazil. She will publish new combinations for that group at the termination of her study. The purpose of this paper is to publish new combinations for four yellow-flowered species from the Planalto and to describe another from lowland Bahia east of the Planalto. Banisteriopsis valvata Anderson et Gates sp. nov. Banisteriopsis gardneriana (Adr. Juss.) Anderson et Gates comb. nov. Banisteriopsis hypericifolia (Adr. Juss.) Anderson et Gates comb. nov Banisteriopsis virgultosa (Adr. Juss.) Anderson et Gates comb. nov.