The Drugs and Culture book: new prospects expressed a value for the role of human sciences in reflection on the theme of drugs and, in parallel, seeking to link this analysis to a wide range of discussions. That way, the articles that make up this book deals with the use of these substances in different cultural and historical contexts. They indicate that, far from limited to a link with the problem of violence or social crime, the use of “drugs”, since always, has referred to several spheres of human life, linking religious phenomena, movements of the construction (or reconstruction) of identities of social, ethnic, generational, gender minorities, or even aesthetic productions. In the book, scholars go from different disciplines and research trajectories by focusing the sociocultural scenarios that involve their use. We are on the ground of cultures; all of them leave from the enormous diversity of practices, representations, symbols and arts that inhabit Brazil. For good and for evil, drugs are and are in culture. I mean, in cultures, and therefore they cannot be understood outside. This book stimulates closer reflection on the various uses of drugs by the population. This diversity of uses and consumes is the mirror of our own cultural diversity. Our researchers and our legislation must to some extent take account of the cultural dimension to combine more effective and more suitable public policies.